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Found this neat little trick how to extract subtitles in batch using ffmpeg.
for f in *.mkv; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:s:m:language:eng "${f%.*}.srt"; done
This assumes you are in the directory where the MKV video files are, and that you want to extract the english subtitles, and that the subtitles are in SRT format. Note that "0:s:m" assumes that you are looking at the first subtitle only!
Say you want to do the same for MP4 files and you're looking for Dutch SRT subtitles, then you can try one of these two:
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:s:m:language:nld "${f%.*}.srt"; done
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -map 0:s:m:language:dut "${f%.*}.srt"; done
Note the differences and keep in mind that you will need ffmpeg.